Lung Cancer: Early Detection Can Save Lives

Lung cancer is a serious condition that begins in the lungs and can spread to other parts of the body. It is one of the most common cancers worldwide and often goes unnoticed in the early stages because symptoms may be mild or mistaken for other illnesses.

The lungs are vital organs that help your body take in oxygen and release carbon dioxide. When abnormal cells grow uncontrollably in the lung tissue, they form a tumor—this is lung cancer.

Types of Lung Cancer:

• Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC): The most common type, which grows relatively slower.

• Small Cell Lung Cancer (SCLC): A fast-growing type that spreads quickly, often linked to smoking.

Common Causes and Risk Factors:

• Smoking – the leading cause, responsible for nearly 85% of cases

• Exposure to secondhand smoke

• Air pollution or harmful chemicals (asbestos, radon, etc.)

• Family history of lung cancer

• Radiation exposure

Symptoms to Watch For:

• Persistent cough that doesn’t go away

• Coughing up blood

• Chest pain or discomfort

• Shortness of breath

• Hoarseness

• Sudden weight loss and fatigue

• Frequent lung infections like bronchitis or pneumonia

These symptoms may not appear until the disease is more advanced, which is why screening is important, especially for people at high risk (like long-term smokers).

Diagnosis and Treatment:

Lung cancer is diagnosed using chest X-rays, CT scans, PET scans, and biopsies. Treatment depends on the type and stage of cancer and may include:

• Surgery to remove tumors

• Radiation therapy

• Chemotherapy

• Targeted drug therapies and immunotherapy